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19-1826; Rev 0; 1/01
ANUAL N KIT M LUATIO ABLE EVA AVAIL
Upstream CATV Amplifiers
Features
o Accurate Gain Control o Gain Programmable in 0.5dB Steps o 56dB of Gain Control Range o -55dBc Harmonic Distortion at 65MHz Input o Low Burst On/Off Transient o High Efficiency: 35mA at +34dBmV Out 9mA Transmit Disable Mode
General Description
The MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517 programmable-gain amplifiers are designed for use in CATV upstream applications. The MAX3514/MAX3517 drive up to +61dBmV (QPSK) into a 75 load when driven with a +34dBmV nominal input signal. The MAX3516 drives up to +64dBmV (QPSK). Both input and output ports are differential, requiring that an external balun be used at the output port. The variable gain feature provides greater than 56dB of dynamic range, which is controlled by an SPITM 3-wire interface. Gain control is available in 0.5dB steps. The devices operate over a frequency range of 5MHz to 65MHz. The MAX3514 is a pin-for-pin compatible upgrade for the MAX3510. Like the MAX3510, the MAX3514 is internally matched for use with a 2:1 (voltage ratio) balun. The MAX3517 utilizes an external output resistor for greater load-matching flexibility, and offers the same performance as the MAX3514. The MAX3516 is a higher power version of the MAX3514 with 3dB more gain and output power capability, and is offered in a smaller thermally enhanced TSSOP-EP package. These devices operate from a single +5V DC supply and draw 120mA during transmit (100% duty cycle, +61dBmV out). The bias current is automatically adjusted based on the output level to increase efficiency. Additionally, the devices are shut off between bursts to minimize noise and save power while still maintaining a match at the output port. Shutdown mode disables all circuitry and reduces current consumption to 10A (typ). The MAX3514/MAX3517 are available in a 20-pin QSOP package and the MAX3516 is available in a 20-pin TSSOP-EP package. All devices operate in the extended industrial temperature range (-40C to +85C).
MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
Ordering Information
PART MAX3514EEP MAX3516EUP MAX3517EEP TEMP RANGE -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C PINPACKAGE 20 QSOP 20 TSSOP-EP* 20 QSOP
*Exposed paddle
Pin Configuration
TOP VIEW
GND 1 VCC 2 GND 3 GND 4 IN+ 5 IN- 6 GND 7 20 GND 19 VCC 18 TXEN 17 N.C.
________________________Applications
DOCSIS/EuroDOCSIS and DVB Cable Modems OpenCable Set-Top Box Telephony over Cable CATV Status Monitor
MAX3514 MAX3516 MAX3517
16 OUT+ 15 OUT14 CEXT (N.C.) 13 N.C.
Typical Operating Circuit appears at end of data sheet.
CS 8 SDA 9 SCLK 10 EXPOSED PADDLE*
12 SHDN 11 GND ( ) FOR MAX3517 ONLY * MAX3516 ONLY
SPI is a trademark of Motorola Corp. DOCSIS/EuroDOCSIS/OpenCable are trademarks of CableLabs.
QSOP/TSSOP-EP
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
1
For price, delivery, and to place orders, please contact Maxim Distribution at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com.
Upstream CATV Amplifiers MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
VCC, OUT+, OUT-................................................-0.3V to +10.0V Input Voltage Levels (all inputs) .................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) Continuous Input Voltage (IN+, IN-) ...................................2Vp-p Continuous Current (OUT+, OUT-) ...................................120mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 20-Pin QSOP (derate 12.3mW/C above TA = +70C). .988mW 20-Pin TSSOP-EP (derate 27mW/C above TA = +70C) .......................2200mW Operating Temperature Range .......................... -40C to +85C Junction Temperature ..................................................... +150C Storage Temperature Range ............................ -65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) ................................ +300C
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
(Typical operating circuit; VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, VGND = 0, TXEN = SHDN = high, TA = -40C to +85C. Typical parameters are at VCC = +5V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise specified.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER Supply Voltage Supply Current Transmit Mode (MAX3514/MAX3517) Supply Current Transmit Mode (MAX3516) Supply Current Transmit Disable Mode Supply Current Low-Power Standby LOGIC INPUTS Input High Voltage Input Low Voltage Input High Current Input Low Current VINH VINL IBIASH IBIASL VINH = +3.6V VINL = 0 -100 2.0 0.8 100 V V A A SYMBOL VCC ICC ICC ICC ICC D7 = 1, gain code = 125 (AV = 27dB) D7 = 0, gain code = 100 (AV = 0dB) D7 = 1, gain code = 125 (AV = 30dB) D7 = 0, gain code = 94 (AV = 0dB) TXEN = low SHDN = low CONDITIONS MIN 4.75 120 35 160 30 9 10 12 190 TYP MAX 5.25 150 UNITS V mA mA mA A
2
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Upstream CATV Amplifiers
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--MAX3514
(MAX3514 EV kit; VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, VGND = 0, PIN = +34dBmV, TXEN = SHDN = high, TA = -40C to +85C. Typical parameters are at VCC = +5V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise specified.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS D7 = 1, gain code = 125, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 1, gain code = 110, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 1, gain code = 90, TA = 0C to +85C Voltage Gain, fIN = 5MHz (Note 2) D7 = 1, gain code = 70, TA = 0C to +85C AV D7 = 0, gain code = 115, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 0, gain code = 100, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 0, gain code = 80, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 0, gain code = 60, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 0, gain code = 48, TA = 0C to +85C Voltage Gain, fIN = 65MHz AV D7 = 1, gain code = 127, TA = -40C to +85C; Notes 3, 4 fIN = 5MHz to 65MHz, AV = -26dB to +27dB Gain Step Size fIN = 5MHz to 65MHz, AV = -26dB to +27dB, any 2-bit transition of D0, D1 fIN = 5MHz to 42MHz, D7 = 0, gain code = 115; to D7 = 1, gain code = 87 Transmit-Disable Mode Noise Isolation in Transmit-Disable Mode Transmit Mode Noise Transmit Enable Transient Duration Transmit Disable Transient Duration TXEN = low, BW = 160kHz, fIN = 5MHz to 65MHz; Note 3 TXEN = low, fIN = 5MHz to 65MHz BW = 160kHz, fIN = 5MHz to 65MHz, AV = -26dB to +27dB; Note 3 TXEN input rise/fall time < 0.1s, TA = +25C; Note 3 TXEN input rise/fall time < 0.1s, TA = +25C; Note 3 D7 = 1, gain code = 125 (AV = 27dB), TA = +25C D7 = 0, gain code = 100 (AV = 0.2dB), TA = +25C ZIN fIN = 5MHz to 65MHz, single ended; Note 3 fIN = 5MHz to 42MHz in 75 system, D7 = 1 gain code = 125 (AV = 27dB); Notes 3, 4 1 6.2 30 1 1.5 8.3 k dB 50 58 -59 2 2 100 mVp-p 0.7 0.6 MIN 26.7 19.2 9.2 -0.8 6.7 -0.8 -10.8 -20.8 -27.0 25.7 0.5 1 1.0 1.3 1.4 -71 dBmV dB dBc s s dB TYP 27.7 20.2 10.2 0.2 7.7 0.2 -9.8 -19.8 -26.0 MAX 28.7 21.2 11.2 1.2 8.7 1.2 -8.8 -18.8 -25.0 dB dB UNITS
MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
Transmit Disable/Transmit Enable Transient Step Size Input Impedance Output Return Loss
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Upstream CATV Amplifiers MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--MAX3514 (continued)
(MAX3514 EV kit; VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, VGND = 0, PIN = +34dBmV, TXEN = SHDN = high, TA = -40C to +85C. Typical parameters are at VCC = +5V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise specified.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER Output Return Loss in TransmitDisable Mode SYMBOL CONDITIONS fIN = 5MHz to 42MHz, in 75 system, TXEN = low; Note 4 Input tones at 42MHz and 42.2MHz, both +31dBmV, VOUT = +58dBmV/tone; Note 3 Input tones at 65MHz and 65.2MHz, both +31dBmV, VOUT = +58dBmV/tone 2nd-Harmonic Distortion 3rd-Harmonic Distortion AM to AM AM to AM AM to PM AM to PM HD2 HD3 AM/AM AM/AM AM/PM AM/PM fIN = 33MHz, VOUT = +61dBmV; Note 3 fIN = 65MHz, VOUT = +61dBmV; Note 3 fIN = 22MHz, VOUT = +61dBmV fIN = 65MHz, VOUT = +61dBmV AV = 27dB, VIN = +34dBmV to +38dBmV, fIN = 42MHz AV = 27dB, VIN = +34dBmV to +38dBmV, fIN = 65MHz AV = 27dB, VIN = +34dBmV to +38dBmV, fIN = 42MHz AV = 27dB, VIN = +34dBmV to +38dBmV, fIN = 65MHz MIN 6.1 TYP 10.5 -51 -46 -55 -55 -55 -55 0.1 0.1 1 1 -53 -52 -49 -49 dBc dBc dB dB degrees degrees -46 dBc MAX UNITS dB
Two-Tone Third-Order Distortion
IM3
4
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Upstream CATV Amplifiers
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--MAX3516 (Preliminary)
(MAX3516 EV kit; VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, VGND = 0, PIN = +34dBmV, TXEN = SHDN = high, TA = -40C to +85C. Typical parameters are at VCC = +5V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise specified.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS D7 = 1, gain code = 127, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 1, gain code = 119, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 1, gain code = 104, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 1, gain code = 84, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 1, gain code = 64, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 1, gain code = 109, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 1, gain code = 94, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 0, gain code = 74, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 0, gain code = 54, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 0, gain code = 42, TA = 0C to +85C Gain Step Size Transmit-Disable Mode Noise Isolation in Transmit-Disable Mode Transmit Mode Noise Transmit Enable Transient Duration fIN = 5MHz to 65MHz, AV = -26dB to +27dB TXEN = low, BW = 160kHz, fIN = 5MHz to 65MHz TXEN = low, fIN = 5MHz to 65MHz BW = 160kHz, fIN = 5MHz to 65MHz, AV = -26dB to +27dB; Note 3 TXEN input rise/fall time < 0.1s, TA = +25C; Note 3 50 MIN 31 27 19.5 9.5 -0.5 7 -0.5 -10.5 -20.5 -26.5 TYP 32 28 20.5 10.5 0.5 8 0.5 -9.5 -19.5 -25.5 0.5 -71 58 -59 2 MAX 33 29 21.5 11.5 1.5 dB 9 1.5 -8.5 -18.5 -24.5 dB dBmV dB dBc s UNITS
MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
Voltage Gain, fIN = 5MHz
AV
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Upstream CATV Amplifiers MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--MAX3516 (Preliminary) (continued)
(MAX3516 EV kit; VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, VGND = 0, PIN = +34dBmV, TXEN = SHDN = high, TA = -40C to +85C. Typical parameters are at VCC = +5V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise specified.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER Transmit Disable Transient Duration SYMBOL CONDITIONS TXEN input rise/fall time < 0.1s, TA = +25C D7 = 1, gain code = 125, (AV = 27dB), TA = +25C D7 = 0, gain code = 100, (AV = 0.2 dB), TA = +25C ZIN fIN = 5MHz to 65MHz, single ended; Note 3 fIN = 5MHz to 65MHz in 75 system D7 = 1, gain code = 125, (AV = 30dB); Note 4 fIN = 42MHz, in 75 system TXEN = low; Note 4 Input tones at 42MHz and 42.2MHz, both +31dBmV, VOUT = +58dBmV/tone Input tones at 65MHz and 65.2MHz, both +31dBmV, VOUT = +58dBmV/tone fIN = 33MHz, VOUT = +61dBmV 2nd-Harmonic Distortion HD2 fIN = 33MHz, VOUT = +64dBmV fIN = 65MHz, VOUT = +61dBmV fIN = 22MHz, VOUT = +61dBmV 3rd-Harmonic Distortion 1dB Compression Point AM to AM AM to AM AM to PM AM to PM HD3 P1dB AM/AM AM/AM AM/PM AM/PM fIN = 22MHz, VOUT = +64dBmV fIN = 65MHz, VOUT = +61dBmV AV = 27dB at 65MHz AV = 27dB, VIN = +34dBmV to +38dBmV, fIN = 42MHz AV = 27dB, VIN = +34dBmV to +38dBmV, fIN = 65MHz AV = 27dB, VIN = +34dBmV to +38dBmV, fIN = 42MHz AV = 27dB, VIN = +34dBmV to +38dBmV, fIN = 65MHz 20 1 30 1 1.5 k MIN TYP MAX 2 100 mVp-p UNITS s
Transmit Disable/Transmit Enable Transient Step Size
Input Impedance
Output Return Loss Output Return Loss in TransmitDisable Mode
8.2
dB
10.5 -53.5
dB
Two-Tone Third-Order Distortion (Note 2)
IM3
dBc -48.8 -55 -55 -55 -55 -50 -55 22 0.1 0.1 1 1 dBm dB dB degrees degrees dBc dBc
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Upstream CATV Amplifiers
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--MAX3517 (Preliminary)
(MAX3517 EV kit; VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, VGND = 0, PIN = +34dBmV, TXEN = SHDN = high, TA = -40C to +85C. Typical parameters are at VCC = +5V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise specified.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS D7 = 1, gain code = 125, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 1, gain code = 110, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 1, gain code = 90, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 1, gain code = 70, TA = 0C to +85C Voltage Gain, fIN = 5MHz AV D7 = 1, gain code = 115, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 1, gain code = 100, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 1, gain code = 80, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 0, gain code = 60, TA = 0C to +85C D7 = 0, gain code = 48, TA = 0C to +85C Gain Step Size Transmit-Disable Mode Noise Isolation in Transmit-Disable Mode Transmit Mode Noise Transmit Enable Transient Duration fIN = 5MHz to 65MHz, AV = -26dB to +27dB TXEN = low, BW = 160kHz, fIN = 5MHz to 65MHz TXEN = low, fIN = 5MHz to 65MHz BW = 160kHz, fIN = 5MHz to 65MHz, AV = -26dB to +27dB; Note 3 TXEN input rise/fall time < 0.1s, TA = +25C; Note 3 50 MIN 26.7 19.2 9.2 -0.8 6.7 -0.8 -10.8 -20.8 -27.0 TYP 27.7 20.2 10.2 0.2 7.7 0.2 -9.8 -19.8 -26.0 0.5 -71 58 -60 -59 2 MAX 28.7 21.2 11.2 1.2 8.7 1.2 -8.8 -18.8 -25.0 dB dBmV dB dBc s dB UNITS
MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
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Upstream CATV Amplifiers MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--MAX3517 (Preliminary) (continued)
(MAX3517 EV kit; VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, VGND = 0, PIN = +34dBmV, TXEN = SHDN = high, TA = -40C to +85C. Typical parameters are at VCC = +5V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise specified.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER Transmit Disable Transient Duration SYMBOL CONDITIONS TXEN input rise/fall time < 0.1s, TA = +25C D7 = 1, gain code = 125, (AV = 27dB), TA = +25C D7 = 0, gain code = 100, (AV = 0.2 dB), TA = +25C ZIN fIN = 5MHz to 65MHz, single ended; Note 3 fIN = 5MHz to 65MHz in 75 system D7 = 1, gain code = 125, (AV = 27dB); Note 4 fIN = 42MHz, in 75 system TXEN = low; Note 4 Input tones at 42MHz and 42.2MHz, both +31dBmV, VOUT = +58dBmV/tone Input tones at 65MHz and 65.2MHz, both +31dBmV, VOUT = +58dBmV/tone HD2 HD3 AM/AM AM/AM AM/PM AM/PM fIN = 33MHz, VOUT = +61dBmV fIN = 65MHz, VOUT = +61dBmV fIN = 22MHz, VOUT = +61dBmV fIN = 65MHz, VOUT = +61dBmV AV = 27dB, VIN = +34dBmV to +38dBmV, fIN = 42MHz AV = 27dB, VIN = +34dBmV to +38dBmV, fIN = 65MHz AV = 27dB, VIN = +34dBmV to +38dBmV, fIN = 42MHz AV = 27dB, VIN = +34dBmV to +38dBmV, fIN = 65MHz 1 30 1 1.5 k MIN TYP MAX 2 100 mVp-p UNITS s
Transmit Disable/Transmit Enable Transient Step Size
Input Impedance
Output Return Loss Output Return Loss in TransmitDisable Mode
8.3
dB
10.5 -49.5
dB
Two-Tone Third-Order Distortion (Note 2)
IM3
dBc -46.3 -55 -55 -55 -55 0.1 0.1 1 1 dBc dBc dB dB degrees degrees
2nd-Harmonic Distortion 3rd-Harmonic Distortion AM to AM AM to AM AM to PM AM to PM
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Upstream CATV Amplifiers
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V, VGND = 0, TXEN = SHDN = high, D7 = X, TA = +25C, unless otherwise specified.)
PARAMETER SEN to SCLK Rise Set Time SEN to SCLK Rise Hold Time SDA to SCLK Setup Time SDA to SCLK Hold Time SDA Pulse Width High SDA Pulse Width Low SCLK Pulse Width High SCLK Pulse Width Low SYMBOL tSENS tSENH tSDAS tSDAH TDATAH TDATAL tSCLKH tSCLKL CONDITIONS MIN 20 10 20 10 50 50 50 50 TYP MAX UNITS ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns
MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
Note 1: Note 2: Note 3: Note 4:
Guaranteed by design and characterization to 3 sigma for TA < +25C, unless otherwise specified. AC Gain correlated to DC Gain measurements to 3 sigma. Guaranteed by design and characterization to 6 sigma. Does not include output matching; see Output Match in the Applications section.
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Upstream CATV Amplifiers MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
__________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics
(Typical operating circuit; VCC = +5V, VIN = +34dBmV, TXEN = SHDN = high, fIN = 20MHz, ZLOAD = 75, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX3514/MAX3517
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3514 toc01
VOLTAGE GAIN vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE HIGH-POWER MODE
MAX3514 toc02
VOLTAGE GAIN vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE LOW-NOISE MODE
-25.2 -25.4 VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) -25.6 -25.8 -26.0 -26.2 -26.4 -26.6 -26.8 -27.0 TA = +85C TA = +25C TA = -40C GAIN CODE = 48
MAX3514 toc03
160 140 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 TRANSMIT-DISABLE MODE TRANSMIT-ENABLE MODE LOW-NOISE, GAIN CODE = 100 TRANSMIT-ENABLE MODE HIGH-POWER, GAIN CODE = 125
29.0 28.8 28.6 VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) 28.4 28.2 28.0 27.8 27.6 27.4 27.2 27.0 TA = -40C TA = +85C TA = +25C GAIN CODE = 125
-25.0
100
4.7
4.8
4.9
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.3
4.7
4.8
4.9
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.3
TEMPERATURE (C)
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
VOLTAGE GAIN vs. TEMPERATURE HIGH-POWER MODE
MAX3514 toc04
VOLTAGE GAIN vs. TEMPERATURE LOW-NOISE MODE
MAX3514 toc05
VOLTAGE GAIN vs. FREQUENCY HIGH-POWER MODE
30 VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 GAIN CODE: A = 125, B = 100, C = 80, D = 60 1 10 100 1000 A B C D
MAX3514 toc06
30.0 29.8 29.6 VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) 29.4 29.2 29.0 28.8 28.6 28.4 28.2 28.0 -40 -15 10 35 60 VCC = +4.75V VCC = +5.25V VCC = +5.00V GAIN CODE = 127
-9.0 -9.2 -9.4 VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) -9.6 -9.8 -10.0 -10.2 -10.4 -10.6 -10.8 VCC = +5.25V VCC = +4.75V VCC = +5.00V GAIN CODE = 80
40
85
-11.0 -40
-15
10
35
60
85
TEMPERATURE (C)
TEMPERATURE (C)
FREQUENCY (MHz)
VOLTAGE GAIN vs. FREQUENCY LOW-NOISE MODE
MAX3514 toc07
VOLTAGE GAIN vs. GAIN CODE AT 20MHz
35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 30 40
MAX3514 toc08
30 20 10 VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 1 10 100 GAIN CODE: A = 120, B = 115, C = 95, D = 75, E = 55, F = 35 A B C D E F
GAIN STEP vs. GAIN CODE HIGH-POWER MODE AT 20MHz
0.9 0.8 GAIN STEP (dB) 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1
MAX3514 toc09
1.0
VOLTAGE GAIN (dB)
HIGH-POWER MODE
LOW- NOISE MODE
1000
50 60 70
80 90 100 110 120
0 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 GAIN CODE
FREQUENCY (MHz)
GAIN CODE
10
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Upstream CATV Amplifiers MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical operating circuit; VCC = +5V, VIN = +34dBmV, TXEN = SHDN = high, fIN = 20MHz, ZLOAD = 75, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX3514/MAX3517 (continued)
GAIN STEP vs. GAIN CODE LOW-NOISE MODE AT 20MHz
0.9 0.8 GAIN STEP (dB) 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 GAIN CODE
MAX3514 toc10
TRANSMIT NOISE vs. GAIN CODE
MAX3514 toc11
1.0
-20 OUTPUT NOISE (dBmV IN 160kHz) -25 -30 -35 -40 -45 LOW-NOISE MODE -50 -55 30 50 70 90 110 HIGH-POWER MODE
130
GAIN CODE
OUTPUT SPECTRUM
MAX3514 toc16
OUTPUT SPECTRUM
0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 VOUT = +61dBmV = 0.25 160ksps
MAX3514 toc17
10 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 CENTER 20 MHz 500kHz SPAN 5MHz VOUT = +61dBmV = 0.25 1280ksps
10
CENTER 20MHz
100kHz
SPAN 1MHz
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Upstream CATV Amplifiers MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical operating circuit; VCC = +5V, VIN = +34dBmV, TXEN = SHDN = high, fIN = 20MHz, ZLOAD = 75, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX3516
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3514 toc19
VOLTAGE GAIN vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE HIGH-POWER MODE
MAX3514 toc20
VOLTAGE GAIN vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE LOW-NOISE MODE
-24.2 -24.4 VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) -24.6 -24.8 -25.0 -25.2 -25.4 -25.6 -25.8 -26.0 TA = +85C 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 TA = +25C TA = -40C GAIN CODE = 42
MAX3514 toc21
160 140 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 TRANSMIT-ENABLE MODE, LOW-NOISE, GAIN CODE = 94 TRANSMIT-ENABLE MODE HIGH-POWER, GAIN CODE = 119
29.0 28.8 28.6 VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) 28.4 28.2 28.0 27.8 27.6 27.4 TA = +85C TA = +25C TA = -40C GAIN CODE = 119
-24.0
TRANSMIT-DISABLE MODE 100
27.2 27.0 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3
TEMPERATURE (C)
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
VOLTAGE GAIN vs. TEMPERATURE HIGH-POWER MODE
MAX3514 toc22
VOLTAGE GAIN vs. TEMPERATURE LOW-NOISE MODE
MAX3514 toc23
VOLTAGE GAIN vs. FREQUENCY HIGH-POWER MODE
A 30 VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 GAIN CODE: A = 125, B = 119, C = 94, D = 74, E = 54 1 10 100 1000 B C D E
MAX3514 toc24
30.0 29.8 29.6 VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) 29.4 29.2 29.0 28.8 28.6 28.4 28.2 28.0 -40 -15 10 35 60 VCC = +4.75V VCC = +5.25V VCC = +5.00V GAIN CODE = 121
-8.5 -8.7 -8.9 VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) -9.1 -9.3 -9.5 -9.7 -9.9 -10.1 -10.3 VCC = +5.25V VCC = +4.75V VCC = +5.00V GAIN CODE = 74
40
85
-10.5 -40
-15
10
35
60
85
TEMPERATURE (C)
TEMPERATURE (C)
FREQUENCY (MHz)
VOLTAGE GAIN vs. FREQUENCY LOW-NOISE MODE
MAX3514 toc25
VOLTAGE GAIN vs. GAIN CODE AT 20MHz
35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35
MAX3514 toc26
GAIN STEP vs. GAIN CODE HIGH-POWER MODE AT 20MHz
0.9 0.8 GAIN STEP (dB) 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0
MAX3514 toc27
30 20 10 VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 1 10 100 GAIN CODE: A = 114, B = 109, C = 89, D = 69, E = 49, F = 29 A C D E F B
1.0
VOLTAGE GAIN (dB)
HIGH-POWER MODE
LOW- NOISE MODE
1000
25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115 125 GAIN CODE
55
65
75
85
95
105
115
125
FREQUENCY (MHz)
GAIN CODE
12
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Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical operating circuit; VCC = +5V, VIN = +34dBmV, TXEN = SHDN = high, fIN = 20MHz, ZLOAD = 75, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
GAIN STEP vs. GAIN CODE LOW-NOISE MODE AT 20MHz
1.0 0.9 0.8 GAIN STEP (dB) 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 GAIN CODE
MAX3516 (continued)
MAX3514 toc28
TRANSMIT NOISE vs. GAIN CODE
MAX3514 toc29
-20 OUTPUT NOISE (dBmV IN 160kHz) -25 -30 -35 -40 -45 LOW-NOISE MODE -50 -55 25 45 65 85 105 HIGH-POWER MODE
125
GAIN CODE
Pin Description
PIN 1, 3, 7, 11 2 4 5 6 8 9 10 12 13, 17 14 15 16 18 19 20 Exposed Paddle NAME GND VCC GND IN+ INCS SDA SCLK SHDN N.C. CEXT OUTOUT+ TXEN VCC GND GND Ground Programmable-Gain Amplifier (PGA) +5V Supply. Bypass to pin 4 with a decoupling capacitor as close to the part as possible. PGA RF Ground. As with all ground connections, maintain the shortest possible (low-inductance) length to the ground plane. Positive PGA Input. Along with IN-, this port forms a high-impedance differential input to the PGA. Driving this port differentially increases the rejection of second-order distortion at low output levels. Negative PGA Input. When not used, this port must be AC-coupled to ground. See IN+. Serial-Interface Enable. TTL-compatible input. See Serial Interface section. Serial-Interface Data. TTL-compatible input. See Serial Interface section. Serial-Interface Clock. TTL-compatible input. See Serial Interface section. Shutdown. When SHDN is set low, all functions (including the serial interface) are disabled. No Connection RF Output Bypass. Bypass to ground with a 0.1F capacitor. (N.C. for MAX3517.) Negative Output. Along with OUT+, this port forms a 300 impedance output. This port is matched to a 75 load using a 2:1 (voltage ratio) transformer. Positive Output. See OUT-. Transmit Enable. Drive TXEN high to place the device in transmit-enable mode. Output Amplifier Bias, +5V Supply. Bypass to pin 20 with a decoupling capacitor as close to the part as possible. Output Amplifier Bias Ground. As with all ground connections, maintain the shortest possible (lowinductance) length to the ground plane. Ground (MAX3516 only) FUNCTION
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Upstream CATV Amplifiers MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
Functional Diagram
TXEN SHDN VCC
BIAS CONTROL
MAX3514 MAX3516 MAX3517
HIGH POWER
OUTCEXT
IN+ OUT+
*
INLOW NOISE
D/A CONVERTER
SERIAL DATA INTERFACE
CS SDA SCLK
GND
*MAX3514/MAX3516 ONLY
Detailed Description
Programmable-Gain Amplifier
The PGA consists of the variable-gain amplifier (VGA) and the digital-to-analog converter (DAC), which provide better than 56dB of output level control in 0.5dB steps. The PGA is implemented as a programmable Gilbert-cell attenuator. The gain of the PGA is determined by a 7-bit word (D6-D0) programmed through the serial data interface (Tables 1 and 2). Specified performance is achieved when the input is driven differentially. The device may be driven single ended. To drive the device in this manner, one of the input pins must be capacitively coupled to ground. Use a capacitor value large enough to allow for a lowimpedance path to ground at the lowest frequency of operation. For operation down to 5MHz, a 0.001F capacitor is suggested.
down. A resistor is across the output so that the output impedance remains matched when the amplifier is in transmit-disable mode. Disabling the output devices also results in low output noise. MAX3514/MAX3516 To match the output impedance to a 75 load, the transformer must have a turns ratio (voltage ratio) of 2:1 (4:1 impedance ratio). The differential amplifier is biased directly from the +5V supply using the center tap of the output transformer. This provides a significant benefit when switching between transmit mode and transmit-disable mode. Stored energy due to bias currents will cancel within the transformer and prevent switching transients from reaching the load. MAX3517 The MAX3517 uses external matching resistors to allow matching to various load impedances through suitable values of matching resistors and transformer turns ratios.
Output Amplifiers
The output amplifiers are Class A differential amplifiers capable of driving +61dBmV (QPSK, MAX3514) differentially. This architecture provides superior even-order distortion performance but requires that a transformer be used to convert to a single-ended output. In transmit-disable mode, the output amplifiers are powered
14
Serial Interface
The serial interface has an active-low enable (CS) to bracket the data, with data clocked in MSB first on the rising edge of SCLK. Data is stored in the storage latch on the rising edge of CS. The serial interface controls
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Upstream CATV Amplifiers
the state of the PGA and the output amplifiers. Tables 1 and 2 show the register format. Serial-interface timing is shown in Figure 1. output noise and lower transmit/transmit-disable transients. The full range of gain codes (D6-D0) may be used in either mode. For DOCSIS applications, HP mode is recommended for output levels at or above +42dBmV (MAX3514, D7 = 1, gain code = 87), LN mode when the output level is below +42dBmV (MAX3514, D7 = 0, gain code = 115).
MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
Applications Information
High-Power and Low-Noise Modes
The MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517 have two transmit modes, high power (HP) and low noise (LN). Each of these modes is actuated by the high-order bit D7 of the 8-bit programming word. When D7 is a logic 1, HP mode is enabled. When D7 is a logic 0, LN mode is enabled. Each of these modes is characterized by the activation of a distinct output stage. In HP mode, the output stage exhibits 15dB higher gain than LN mode. The lower gain of the LN output stage allows for significantly lower
Shutdown Mode
In normal operation, the shutdown pin (SHDN) is held high. When SHDN is taken low, all circuits within the IC are disabled. Only leakage currents flow in this state. Data stored within the serial-data interface latches will
A
G
B
C
D
E
F
Table 1. Serial-Interface Control Word
BIT MSB 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LSB 0 MNEMONIC D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 DESCRIPTION High-power/low-noise mode select Gain code, bit 6 Gain code, bit 5 Gain code, bit 4 Gain code, bit 3 Gain code, bit 2 Gain code, bit 1 Gain code, bit 0
A. tSENS B. tSDAS C. tSDAH D. tSCLKL E. tSCLKH F. tSENH G. tDATAH/tDATAL D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Figure 1. Serial-Interface Timing Diagram
Table 2. Chip State Control Bits
SHDN 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TXEN X 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 D7 X X 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 D6 X X X X 0 1 1 1 1 1 D5 X X X X 1 0 1 0 1 1 D4 X X X X 1 1 1 1 0 1 D3 X X X X 0 0 0 0 1 1 D2 X X X X 0 0 0 1 1 1 D1 X X X X 0 0 1 1 1 0 D0 X X X X 0 0 1 1 0 1 48 80 115 87 110 125 -26 -10 8 9 20 28 GAIN CODE (DECIMAL) GAIN* (DB) STATES Shutdown Mode Transmit-Disable Mode Transmit-Enable Mode, High Power Transmit- Enable Mode, Low Noise
*Typical Gain at +25C, VCC = 5.0V
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Upstream CATV Amplifiers MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
be lost upon entering this mode. Current consumption is reduced to 10A (typ) in shutdown mode. adequate balance between half-windings to achieve substantial transient cancellation. Finally, keep in mind that transformer core inductance varies proportionally with temperature. If the application requires low temperature extremes (less than 0C), adequate primary inductance must be present to sustain low-frequency output capability as temperatures drop. In general, this will not be a problem as modern RF transformers have adequate bandwidth.
Output Match
MAX3514/MAX3516 When used in conjunction with a 2:1 voltage-ratio transformer, the MAX3514/MAX3516 are internally resistively matched to 75. This internal resistor is across the OUT+ and OUT- terminals. To improve the match at the high end of the frequency range (65MHz), a reactive match may be employed as part of the ensuing diplex filter. A series inductor (typ 180nH) followed by a shunt capacitor (typ 33F) can be placed directly after the output transformer. This match will also improve the gain flatness substantially. As mentioned above, the matching components may be incorporated into the diplex filter design. Optimize the input impedance of the diplex filter to be 35 + j35 (typ) at 65MHz when using the specified output transformer. MAX3517 The MAX3517 does not have an internal matching resistor. This allows the device performance to be optimized for various load impedances. When 300 resistors are placed across the output terminals of the device, performance identical to the MAX3514 will result. If an impedance higher than 300 is used, additional gain will result. Note also that a 2:1 voltage-ratio output transformer is not needed. When operating the device with arbitrary output resistance and XFMR turns ratio, take care not to exceed the allowable power dissipation (see Absolute Maximum Ratings).
Input Circuit
To achieve rated performance, the inputs of the MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517 must be driven differentially with an appropriate input level. The differential input impedance is approximately 1.5k. Most applications will require a differential low-pass filter preceding the device. The filter design will dictate a terminating impedance of a specified value. Place this load impedance across the AC-coupled input pins (see Typical Operating Circuit). The MAX3514/MAX3517 have sufficient gain to produce an output level of +61dBmV (QPSK through a 2:1 transformer) when driven with a +34dBmV input signal. The MAX3516 provides an additional 3dB of gain and output level. When a lower input level is present, the maximum output level will be reduced proportionally and output linearity will increase. If an input level greater than +34dBmV is used, the 3rd-order distortion performance will degrade slightly. If single-ended sources drive the MAX3514/MAX3516/ MAX3517, one of the input terminals must be capacitively coupled to ground (IN+ or IN-). The value of this capacitor must be large enough to look like a short circuit at the lowest frequency of interest. For operation at 5MHz with a 75 source impedance, a value of 0.001F will suffice.
Transformer
To match the output of the MAX3514/MAX3516 to a 75 load, a 2:1 voltage-ratio transformer is required. This transformer must have adequate bandwidth to cover the intended application. Note that most RF transformers specify bandwidth with a 50 source on the primary and a matching resistance on the secondary winding. Operating in a 75 system will tend to shift the low-frequency edge of the transformer bandwidth specification up by a factor of 1.5 due to primary inductance. Keep this in mind when specifying a transformer. Bias to the output stage is provided through the center tap on the transformer primary. This greatly diminishes the on/off transients present at the output when switching between transmit and transmit-disable modes. Commercially available transformers typically have
Layout Issues
A well-designed PC board is an essential part of an RF circuit. For best performance, pay attention to powersupply layout issues, as well the output circuit layout.
Output Circuit Layout
The differential implementation of the MAX3514/ MAX3516/MAX3517s' output has the benefit of significantly reducing even-order distortion, the most significant of which is 2nd-harmonic distortion. The degree of distortion cancellation depends on the amplitude and phase balance of the overall circuit. It is important to keep the trace lengths from the output pins equal.
16
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Upstream CATV Amplifiers
Power-Supply Layout
For minimal coupling between different sections of the IC, the ideal power-supply layout is a star configuration. This configuration has a large-value decoupling capacitor at the central power-supply node. The power-supply traces branch out from this node, each going to a separate power-supply node in the circuit. At the end of each of these traces is a decoupling capacitor that provides a very low impedance at the frequency of interest. This arrangement provides local power-supply decoupling at each power-supply pin. The power-supply traces must be made as thick as practical. Ground inductance degrades distortion performance. Therefore, ground plane connections to pin 4 and pin 20 should be made with multiple vias if necessary.
MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
Exposed Paddle Thermal Considerations
The exposed paddle (EP) of the MAX3516's 20-pin TSSOP-EP package provides a low thermal-resistance path to the die. It is important that the PC board on which the MAX3516 is mounted, be designed to conduct heat from this contact. In addition, the EP should be provided with a low inductance path to electrical ground. It is recommended that the EP be soldered to a ground plane on the PC board, either directly or through an array of plated via holes.
Typical Operating Circuit
12 CONTROL LOGIC 0.001F + 5 IN+ OUT+ 16 REXT* INPUT ANTI-ALIAS FILTER 6 0.001F 2 4 3 7 1 +5V REXT* INVCC GND GND GND GND GND SCLK SDA CS 9 8 CONTROL LOGIC * MAX3517 ONLY ** MAX3514/MAX3516 ONLY 11 10 2:1 OUTPUT SHDN 18 TXEN VCC GND 20 19 0.1F +5V
+5V 0.1F
MAX3514 MAX3516 MAX3517
OUT-
15 0.1F 0.1F
CEXT
14
**
Chip Information
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 1006
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Upstream CATV Amplifiers MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
Package Information
TSSOP.EPS
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Upstream CATV Amplifiers
Package Information (continued)
QSOP.EPS
MAX3514/MAX3516/MAX3517
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